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Volume 25 / Issue 9

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DOI:   10.3217/jucs-025-09-1151

 

Designing Statistical Model-based Discriminator for Identifying Computer-generated Graphics from Natural Images

Mingying Huang (Hangzhou Dianzi University, China)

Ming Xu (Hangzhou Dianzi University, China)

Tong Qiao (Hangzhou Dianzi University and Zhengzhou Science and Technology Institute, China)

Ting Wu (Hangzhou Dianzi University, China)

Ning Zheng (Hangzhou Dianzi University, China)

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to differentiate between natural images (NI) acquired by digital cameras and computer-generated graphics (CG) created by computer graphics rendering software. The main contributions of this paper are threefold. First, we propose to utilize two different denoising filters for acquiring the first-order and second-order noise of the inspected image, and analyze its characteristics with assuming that residual noise follows the proposed statistical model. Second, under the framework of the hypothesis testing theory, the problem of identifying between NI and CG is smoothly transferred to the design of the likelihood ratio test (LRT) with knowing all the nuisance parameters, and meanwhile the performance of the LRT is theoretically investigated. Third, in the practical classiffication, using the estimated model parameters, we propose to establish a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT). A large scale of experimental results on simulated and real data directly verify that our proposed test has the ability of identifying CG from NI with high detection performance, and show the comparable effectiveness with some prior arts. Besides, the robustness of the proposed classi_er is veri_ed with considering the attacks generated by some post-processing techniques.

Keywords: computer-generated graphic, digital image forensics, hypothesis testing, natural image, statistical noise model

Categories: D.4.6